Automatic photographing apparatus.



A. LATTAU.

AUTOMATIC PHOTOGBAPHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION man JUNE 2. 100-. RENEWED FEB. 2B, 1918.

1,280,252. Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET INVENfOR Oqcbxfixrm v AUTOMATIC A. LATTAU.

PHOTOGRAPHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2' \9I0- RENEWED FEB. 28. I9I8.

Patented Oat. 1, I9I&

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

A. LATTAU.

AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, IQIO. RENEWED FEB. 28. 1918.

1,280,252. Patented Oct. 1,1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WIT/V INVENTOR A. LATTAU.

AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION men JUNE 2. mo. RENEWED FEB. 2a. 1918.

tfomcys 2 NVENTOR 2 47 A. LATTAU.

AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION H310 JUNE 2, mo. -RNEWD FEB. 28, 1918.

1,280,252. Pafiented Oct. 1, 1918.

ESHEETS-SHEET 5.

, A. LATTAU. AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHING A'PPARATUS. arrucmou FILED mu: 2.mo. RENEWED m. 2a, 1913.

1,280,252. Patented Oct. 1,1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

gnmntoz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR LATTAU, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAPHING APPARATUS.

Application filed June 2, 1910, Serial No. 564,693.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR LATTAU, a

citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented or discovered certain new anduseful Improvements in Automatic Photographing Apparatus, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates toapparatus or devices for automaticallyoperating the shutter of a photographic camera for the purpose ofexposing a plate or film therein in a predetermined manner and at apredetermlned time in the absence of the operator. As herein shown theinvention is applied to a device of the general character shown anddescribed in Letters Patent Nos. 1,092,.27 3 and 1,135,032, granted tomeApril 7, 1914, and, April 13, 1915, respectively.

Camera shutters as .now constructed are of a variety of types and areeach usually capable of producing exposures of different kinds bysuitable adjustments or manipulations causing different operations ofthe shutter mechanism. Such shutters are usually operated by a pressureon the end of a flexible power transmitter. An instantaneous exposure ismade after proper "adjustment, by a single pressure on said end. Anordinary time exposure, hereinafter referred to as a time exposure isproduced by press ing said end tw1ce. once to open the shutter and asecond time to close the same. By an other arrangement of mechanismthere is produced what, for convenience, I will designate an automatitime exposure which is produced by a single pressure on the end of saidflexible power transmitter, as in. the case of an instantaneousexposure, this operation serving to open the shutter which isautomatically closed after a predetermined time by mechanism associatedwith the shutter itself. A third form of time exposure, usually ofcomparatively short duration, hereinafter referred to as a bulb exposureis produced by pressing the end of said flexible power transmitter toopen the shutter, maintaining said pressure during the period ofexposure, and thereafter discontinuing the same to cause the shutter toclose.

In my prior Patent No. 1,092,2'Z3', above referred to. mechanism isdisclosed which is adapted to produce an instantaneous or an automatictime exposure, while in my Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

Renewed February 28, 1918. Serial No. 219,732.

above mentioned Patent No. 1,133,032, the mechanism described and shownis adapted for time exposures.

It is one of the objects of the present in vention to provide a deviceof the character referred to which is capable, upon suitable adjustment,of producing any one of the exposures above described.

Further objects of the invention are to provide certain improvements insuch apparatus whereby the same is rendered more onvenient in use, andwhereby the necessary setting and adjustment of the apparatus isfacilitated and the operation thereof rendered more accurate andcertain.

These and other objects of the invention, together with means wherebythe same may be carried into effect, will best be understood by thefollowing description of one form or embodiment thereof illustrated inthe accompanying drawings. It is to be under stood, however, that theconstruction, shown and described has been chosen for illustrativepurposes merely, and that many hanges may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In said drawings- Figures 1 and 2 are exterior elevations of theapparatus taken from opposite sides;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view thereof;

Fig. 4 is a substantially central vertical section;

Fi g. 5 is a detail sectional view taken substantially on the line.5-5,Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the clockwork;

Fig.7 is a horizontal section taken sub stantially on the line 77, Fig.4;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectiontaken substantially on the line 8-8, Fig.1;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 4 but withcertain parts shown in Fig. 4- omitted to show more clearly the partshidden thereby; and i Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view takensubstam'ially on the line 1010. Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a detail perspective view of the plunger and the mechanismfor detaching the same from its actuator, this view showing the partsconnected.

Fig. 12 is a view of a part of Fig. 11 showing the plunger detached.

Fig. 13 is a fragi'nentary sectional View on the line 13, Fig. 4.

The mechanism as a whole is mounted in a suitable frame contained withina casing 12 provided with a suitable receptacle, prefmechanism andconnections for operating the same, andmeans for restraining theactuating mechanism until a predetermined time.

The actuating mechanism preferably comprises a flat helical or clockspring 15 adapt ed to turn a shaft 16 mounted in fixed bearings andprovided with a crank 17 connected as hereinafter described with theplunger 14 for reciprocating the same. For the purpose of rewinding thespring 15 the shaft 16 is provided at its lower end with a gear 18meshing with a. pinion 19 adapted to be turned by a suitable crank orhandle 20 at the bottom of the casing.

The means for restraining the above actuating mechanism until thepredetermined time of exposure preferably comprises the followinginstrumentalities. Mounted on the shaft 16 is a ratchet 21 provided withthree teeth 22, 23, and 24 arranged in different planes. Adapted toengage these teeth is a spring-pressed pawl 25 carried by a lever 26fulcrumed at 2.7 and connected by a link 28 with a lever 29 actuated bya spring 30. The pawl 25 is normally held in the position shown by aspring 250 and stop pin 251.

One of the time controlling mechanisms for the apparatus, hereindesignated as the primary time cont-rollin mechanism, comprises aplurality of cloc works, herein two, generically indicated by thenumerals 31 and 32, provided with winding posts 33 and 34 extended atboth ends to the exterior of the casing where they are provided at oneside with keys 35 and 36 and at the other with indicators 37 and 38cotiperating with dials 39 and 40. Mounted on the winding posts 33 and34 are cams 41 and 42 formed with notches 43 and 44 arrangedrespectively for the reception of noses 45 and 46 carried by the lever29.

The operation of the mechanism thus far described for the purpose ofproducing a time exposure is substantially as follows. The key is turnedto cause the indicator 37 to indicate upon the dial 39 the time afterwhich the exposure is to take place. The key 36 is turned to cause theindicator 38 to indicate a time greater than that shown by the indicator37 by the length of the desired exposure. Turning of the keys and 36also results in winding the mainsprings of the clockworks 31 and 32 andin turning the cams 41 and 42 to bring the notches 43 and 44 to agreater or lessan lar distance from the noses 45 and 46. T e clockworksbein now started the cams 41 and 42 will be s owly rotated until thenotch .43 is brought opposite the nose 45, which, under tooth 22 andbrought into the plane of the tooth 23. The shaft 16 will thereuponrotate until stopped by the engagement of the tooth 23 with the pawl 25,causing a reciprocation of the plunger 14 and a compres sion and releaseof the bulb. After the pre determined period of exposure the notch 44.is brought opposite the nose 46, whereupon a further movementof thelever 29 takes place, disengaging the pawl 25 from the tooth 23,permitting another rotation'of the shaft 16 until the tooth 24 isbrought into engagement with the pawl 25, and causing a secondreciprocation of the lunger 14 and a second compression of the ulb.

For resetting the lever 29 after the above operations there is provideda resetting rod 47 extended to the exterior of the casing and pivoted atits inner end to a lever 48 fulcrumed at 49 and connected by a link 50with the end of said lever 29.

For holdin the clockworks 31 and 32 inoperative an for releasing thesame at the proper time the following mechanism is provided. Suitablysecured to the clockwork frame are two spring stops 51 and 52 adaptedrespectively to engage and hold the vibrating pallet levers 53 and 54 ofsaid clockworks. For disengaging these stops there are provided cams 55and 56 (see Fig. 6) mounted on shafts 57 and 58 provided with gears 59and 60 (see Fig. 4) connected, the one by gears 61, and the other by agear 62, with a gear 63 mounted on a shaft 64 extended to the exteriorof the casing and pr0- vided with an actuator or manually operated key65 (see Fig. 2). Manipulation of the key 65 will result in asimultaneous appli cation or removal of the stops 51 and 52.

Except for certain rearrangements of parts, or the substitution ofmechanical equivalents, as will be apparent from the drawings, orotherwise as hereinpointed out. the parts thus far described may besubstantially as shown and described in my Patent No. 1,135,032, abovereferred to, and no claim is made herein to any subject-matter common tothis application and my said prior patent.

After the resetting of the lever 29 by the means above described thesame may be held in its reset position by a partial turning of thewinding post 33 and cam 41 in order to remove the notch 43 from beneaththe nose sity of thus partly iewinding the clockwork to hold the partsin reset position, means are herein provided, otl'zerf than thetimecontrolling mechanism, for locking the shutter-operating mechanisminoperative in reset position. Such means as herein shown comprisealocking bar 66 having an end 67 adapted to enter a notch 68 in thereset ting rod 47 when the latter is depressed. said locking bar beingguided in its movements by a radius arm 69 and .1 lever 70 connectedwith a stationary part of the frame by a spring 71, said spring beingarranged normally to project theend 67 of the locking bar 66 intoengagen'ient with the notch 68 of the reset-ting rod 47. For removingthe i locking bar 66 there is provided a, link 72 i that whentheshaft 64is turned to lock the (see Fig. 9) pivoted at .72 to an extension 69',of theradius arm 69 and having a projection 73" adapted to engage theend 74 of said leveri70,'saidclink being connected at tsopposite end,preferably by a lost motion connectiomwith a'segment plate 75 mountedonthe shaft 64. i This construction is such time controlling mechanismthe locking bar 66 will beplaced under the influence of the spring '(Itoengage and lock the resetting rod 47 when the latter is depressed. Uponthe release of the time controlling mechanism by turning the shaft 64the link 72- will be caused to withdraw the locking bar 66.

In order to compel the operator to lock the clockwork prior to theresetting of the shutter operating mechanism, there is provided alocking bar '76 having a projection 77 adapted to enter a notch 78 inthe resetting rod 47 when the latter is elevated, said locking bar beingpivoted at its end to a lever 79 controlled by a spring 80. Upon therelease of the shutter operating mechanism the resetting rod 47 will beelevated and will be locked in its elevated position by the locking bar76. Mounted on the shaft 64 is a cam 81 having a projection adapted toengage the lever 79 and move the same against the influence of :thespring 80 when the shaft 64 is turned to effect a locking of the timecontrolling mechanism.

The parts last described all are or may be substantially as shown anddescribed in my application filed June 2, 1910. Serial No. 564.692except for such modifications as may be necessary to adapt the same tothe type of device herein shown, or for other purposes as will hereinfter appear.

Also as in my application last above referred to means are provided forpositively starting the. time-controlling mechanism upon the releasethereof. said means comprising levers 82, 83 having lingers 84, 85 andnormally held in the position shown in Fig. 6 by springs 820 and 830.Pivoted at the operation of the lever 83 will suffice for both. When thecam 56 is rotated from right to left, in order to allow the stop toengage the pallet lever 54, the projection 560 engages the dog 87 andlifts and passes the same without moving the lever 83. Upon thell'lOVQIDODl) of the cam 56 from left to right, in order to raise thestop 52 and release the clockwork 32, the projection 560 again engagesthe dog 87, this time moving the lever 83 and causing its finger 85 toengage the pallet lever 54, giving the same an initial impetus, theprojection 560 thereafter passing the dog 87 and allowing the lever 83to resume its normal position under the in fluence of the spring 880. Itwill therefore be seen that the turning of the key will result not onlyin a simultaneous release of both the clockworks but in a positivestarting of the same.

For the purpose of adapting the apparatus to instantaneous, automatictime, or bulb exposures, means are herein provided whereby one of theclockworks above described, herein the clockwork 31, may be startedwithout starting the other. As herein shown (see Figs. 4, 9 and 10) thegear 62 is adapted to be moved laterally into and out of engagement withthe gears 60 and 63 by a laterally sliding fork 88 suitably guided inthe frame and movable in one dibe seen movement of the key 94 will movethe gear 62 out of engagement with the ad jacent gears, therebyrendering inoperative the connection between the actuator 65 and thestop 52 so that movement of said actuator will result in starting theclockwork 31 only.

In order to prevent disarrangement of the mechanism for holding andreleasing the.

clockwork, it is desirable that means be pro vided for preventingmovement of the key 94 except when the time-controlling mechanism islocked, To this end the locking plate 92 is provided with a pair ofnotches 95 and 96 one of which is adapted to be engaged, in eitherposition of the key 94, by

a locking bar 97 guided by a radius arm 98 and pivoted to a lever 99connected by a link 100 with the segment plate 75. When the shaft 64 isturned into the position shown in the drawings to release thetime-controlling mechanism the locking bar 97 is in locking engagementwith the plate 92 thereby preventing turning of the shaft 93. When theshaft 64 is turned to cause the time-controlling mechanism to be lockedthe link 100 and lever 99 will cause a withdrawal of the locking bar 97,thereby permitting an adjustment of the devices by the key 94.

As will now be apparent, after the starting of the clockwork 31, theclockwork 32 remaining inoperative, the plunger 14 will, after apredetermined time, controlled by a setting of the indicator 37, asabove described, be given a single reciprocation to produce a singlecompression of the bulb, and the time-controlling mechanism thereafterstopped. This operation of the ap paratus will produce an instantaneousor an automatic time exposure, depending upon the character oradjustment of the shutter. In order to enable the apparatus to produce abulb exposure it is necessary that the movement of the plunger 14 bestopped after its actuation to exert a force on the end of the powertransmitter, thereby maintaining this force, and thereafter be returnedto substantially its original position to discontinue said force. Tothis end the following force maintaining mechanism is provided.

Suitably mounted in the frame of the apparatus is a secondary timecontrolling mechanism including a clockwork comprising a winding post101 and amain spring 102 connected by suitable gearing with a fan orwind wheel 103 for retarding the movement of said clockwork. The windingpost 101 is extended to the exterior of the casing and there providedwith a combined winding key and indicator 104 cooperating with a dial105. Movable with the winding post 101 is a cam 106 having preferably aflanged edge provided with a notch 107 for the reception of the end of alever 108 fulcrumed at 109, and held in engagement with said cam by aspring v110. Upon the end of the lever 108 is pivoted at 111 a pawl 111normally held in the position shown by a spring 112 and stop pin 113.The lever 108 and pawl 111 substantially correspond in construction.arrangement, and function to the lever 26 and pawl 25. The pawl 111 isadapted when the end of the lever 108 is moved out of the notch 107 andheld in engagement with the periphery of the cam 106 to engagea ratchettooth or lug 114 formed upon or secured to the gear 18. For so movingthe lever 108 in order to set the same there is provided a lever 115engaging at one end the end of the lever 108, and plvoted at itsopposite end to a resetting rod 116 extended to the exterior of thecasing. For holding the clockwork normally inoperative there is provideda lever 117 fulcrumed at 117 and normally held with its end 118 inengagement with the gear wheel 119 of the clockwork by a spring 120. Thelever 117 has an upturned end 121 ar ranged in the path of movement ofthe finger 122 (see Fig, 4) movable with the plunger 14.

The operation of the mechanism thus far described for producing a bulbexposure is as follows: The primer time controlling mechanism beinglocke the key 94 is turned to cause a disengagement of the gear 62. Thekey 35 is turned to cause the indicator 37 to indicate the time afterwhich the exposure is to take place. The resetting rod .116 is operatedto lift the end of the lever 108 out of the notch 107 and the key 104 isturned to indicate upon the dial 105 the desired length of the bulb exosure. The key 65 is, then turned to release t e primary timecontrolling mechanism. At the end of a predetermined time the pawl 25will release the ratchet 21, as above described, and will be broughtinto position to rengage said ratchet upon a substantially completerotation of the shaft 16. After substantially a half rotation of saidshaft, however, to cause the plunger 14 to completely compress the bulb,the said shaft will be stopped by the enga ement of the lug 114 with theawl 111. imultaneously the finger 122 wi l engage ,the upturned end ofthe lever 117, thereby releasmg the secondary time controllingmechanism. The bulb will now be held compressed until the expiration ofthe time indicated on' the dial 105, when the end of the lever 108 willenter the notch 107, thereby permitting the shaft 16 to make a furthermovement until stopped b the pawl 25, thereby withdrawin the plunger andreleasing the bulb.

eans have been above described for preventing resetting of the apparatusafter a time exposure until the primary time-controlling mechanism hasmeans comprising the locking bar 76 for engaging the notch 78 of theresetting rod 47 It is also desirable that means be provided forpreventing a rewinding of the spring 15 under the same circumstances.Such means as herein shown are as follows: On the shaft 16, or anextension thereof, is mounted a pinion 123 engaging a gear 124 providedwith a locking plate 125 having a locking openin 126. The locking bar 76is extended beyond the resetting rod 47, and is pivoted at its end to aell crank lever 128 fulcrumed at 129, and having its 0p- )osite endconnected by a link 130 guided by a radius arm 131 to a locking bar 132suitably guided in the frame of the apparatus, and carrying a pin 133adapted to eneen locked such opening gagethe opening 126 in the.plate125. The 126 is so located as to be brought beneath the pin 1331.11))111ll6 completion of the second actuation of the plunger 14 inmaking'the time exposure. As will now be seen, after the completion ofthe time exposure the resetting rod 47 will be locked to prevent aresetting of the lever 29- and the gear 124 will be locked to prevent are Winding of the spring 15 until the shaft 64 has been turned to lockthe clockwork of the primary timecontrolling mechanism.

VVhenthe apparatus operated asabove described for producing aninstantaneous, an automat c time, on: a bulb exposure, the

resetting rod. 47 will; not beelevate'dto a sufficient extcntto' causethe projection to enter'thenotch-78,- no'r'will the'op'ening I 126m theplate 125begbrought to-;av osition beneath the'pin'133. .-A secondocking mechanism, operative alternatively with that last described, isthereforeprovided,

' and as illustrated is substantially as.f01

lows: Y

The link 50 is provided with a notch 134 adapted to receive a projection, 135 formed on a link or locking bar 136 pivotedlto one end of abell crank lever 137, andto a second l'ever 13,8, and controlled by aspring 139. The lever. 138 has a portion extended into the path ofmovem'ent of the cam, 81 on the shaft 64. The

140 guided by a radius'arm 141 to a locking bar 142 similar to thelocking bar 132', and carrying a pin opening 126 in' the plate 125 aftera single reciprocationi-of the plunger '14. As will .now" be seen afteran operation of the ap ,paratus for producing an exposure other than theordinary time exposure the projection 135 will enterthe notehmt and thepin 143 will enter the opening 126 thereby effectively locking theapparatus against resetting until the primary time-controlling mechanismhas been locked. Upon turning the shaft 64 forthe latter purpose aprojection formed on the cam 81 will engage the lever 138 and releasethe locking mechanism last described.

It will therefore be seen that two mechanisms are provided for lockingthe apparatus against resetting after an operation thereof prior to thelocking of the time-controlling mechanism. In order to render '3 thesetwo mechanisms alternatively operawhen said key )4 is in anotherposition t0.

engage the lever 138 and hold the locking lever 137 is connected at itsendopposite to the link 136 by a link 143 adaptedv to enter the Isprings 157 dered operative and the improper one inoperative.

It will be observed that the range of movement of the plunger actuatingmechanism is substantially constant. Inasmuch, however, the bulbs ofcamera shutters vary in size and thickness of material, and for thefurther reasons that it is necessary, first, that thebulbbecompletely'compressed, and, second, that ,the plunger be allowedacomplete recipr0ca tion-,::fin= order that its actuating mechanismmay-not beprematurely stopped, it is necessary that some means beprovided intermediate the bulb and the plunger actuating mechanism tocompensatefor the variations above/noted. To this end the inventioncontemplates the provision of a yield-.v ing element infthe plunger.Said plunger, as shownmost clearly in Figs. 4, 7, 11 and 12,comprisesltwo telescoping tubular mem-,-

. bers 145 and 146 between which is interposed a spring 1.48.

v The members 145 and 146 are connected by a bayonet joint consisting ofinturned fingers 174 (see Fig. 11) on the member 145 which enter angularslots 147 in the member 146. TllQ'fOIIH of these slots is most clearlyshown in Fig. 12 from which it will beseen that the members 145-and 146may be moved longitudinally to cause the fingers 174 to enter the longeror open ended longitudinal portions of the slots and relatively rotatedtocarry said fingers into the circumferential .portions thereof.Thereafter the shorter or closed longitudinal por tions of said slots147 will permit a limited telescoping movement of the members 145 and146 against the pressure of the spring 148. This construction permitsthe plunger actuating mechanism to complete its full movementirrespective of the size or thickness of the bulb, so that its movementmay be made suflicient to cause a complete compression of a bulb of anyskin thickness.

In order to prevent an undesirable reciprocating movement of the plunger14 during the windirr ofthe spring 15, means are herein I ldd fordetachably connecting the telescopic portion of the plunger from itsactuating mechanism, such means as herein shown being as follows,reference being Suitably guided on rods 149 (see Fig. 7 is a plate- 150(Fig. 4) connected to the cran 17 by a 'pitman 151. Secured to the plate150 and guided in the plate 153 (Figs.'4 and 7) is a rod 154 (Figs. 4. 5and 7) provided at its end with a notch Intcrposed between :1 stationarplate 152 (Fig. 7') and plates 1 56 carried by the plate 150. are

for assisting the spring 15 durhad particularlv to Figs. 4. 5. 7 and 13.

ing the forward movement of the plunger 11, and for, in part,colinterlmlaueing said spring 15 during the rearward movement of saidplunger, substantially for the purpose described in m aforesaidapplication Xo. 415,137.

Referring to Figs. 4. 5. 7, 11 and 12, 159 denotes a latch provided atone end with an abutment pin 171 and at the other with a hub 160 looselymounted on a pin 1525 projecting from the end of the plunger member1-16. Said latch is normally held with its hub 160 and abutment pin 171in engagement with the end face of said member H6 by a spring 161 and isfurther normally held in position to engage the notch 155 in the rod151, and also to engage notches in pins 162 carried by said plungermember 116 by a spring 163. It will now be seen that the latch 159provides means for detachably connecting the telescopic portion of theplunger to the rod 154.

For detaching the connecting means last described there is provided alever 164 having an end 165 adapted to engage the end 166 of the latch159, and to raise the same out of engagement with the rod 151 and pins162. The lever 16% is connected by a link 167 with the segment plate 75on the shaft 61. Said link 167 is provided with a finger 172 adapted tobe arrested by a stop pin 173 fastened to the front plate for thepurpose of limiting the movement of said link. As will now be seen, whenthe key ()5 is turned to lock the time-controlling mechanism the lever1651 will cause the latch 159 to disconnect the plunger from itsactuating mechanism, so that the spring 15 may be rewound withoutcausing a reciprocation of the telescopic portion of the plunger, therod 154 at this time reciprocating through an opening in the member 116.\Vhcn the key 65 is turned to release the time-controling mechanism thelatch 159 is at once put under the influence of its spring 163 foroperatively connecting the plunger and its actuating means.

Secured to the sides of the plunger member 145, in the constructionshown, are plates 169 havin inclined projecting portions adapted to life engaged by pivoted spring detents 170, thereby providing means foryieldingly maintaining the plunger in its normal position.

Certain features of the mechanism herein shown and described are coveredby the claims of my co-pending application Serial No. 561,692, filedJune '2, 1910, and no claim is made herein to any subject-matter commonto this and my said co-pending application.

Having described my invention I claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent:

1. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor opcrating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, and mechanismfor simultaneously positively starting said cloclnvorks.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, mechanism forholding said clockworks inoperative and for releasing the same, andadjusting means for said holding and releasing mechanism for causing thesame to release one or a plurality of said clockworks.

'3. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutterof a photographis camera, a timecontrolling mechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks,mechanism for starting said clockworks, and adjusting means for saidstarting mechanism for causing the same to start one or a plurality ofsaid clockworks.

1. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time-controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, means forholding each of said clockworks inoperative, an actuator, gearconnections between said actuator and each of said holding means forrendering the latter operative and inoperative, and means for renderinginoperative the gear connection between said actuator and one of saidholding means.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, a stop for eachof said clockworks for holding the same inoperative, a manually operatedkey, connections between said key and each of said stops for moving thelatter into and out of operative position, a second manually operatedkey, and means operated by said lastnamed key, for rendering one of saidconnections inoperative.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, mechanism forholding said clockworks inoperative and for releasing the same,adjusting means for said holding and releasing mechanismfor causing thesame to release one or a plurality of said clockworks, and means forlocking said adjusting means when one or more of said clockworks isreleased.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination. mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic cam era, a time controllingmechanism therefor of one of said cloc other of said notches. when saidad]ust1ng comprising a plurality of clockworks, a stop for each of saidclockworks for holding the same inoperative, a manually operated key,connections between said key and each of said stops for moving thelatter into and out of operative position, a second manually operatedkey, means operated by said lastnamed key for rendering one of saidconnections inoperative, and means for locking said key when one or moreof said stops is out of operative position.

8. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, mechanism forholding said clockworks inoperative and for releasing the same,adjusting means for said holding and releasing mechanism for causing thesame to release one or a plurality of said clockworks, said adjustingmeans having a locking plate provided Wit 1 a plurality of notches, alock adapted to engage one of said notches when said adjusting means isin a osition to cause a release orks and to engage anmeans is inposition to cause the release of a plurality of said clockworks, andmeans operatively connected with said holding and releasing mechanismfor operating said lock.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, means otherthan said time-controlling mechanism for locking said shutter operatingmechanism, and mechanism for simultaneously starting both saidclockworks and Withdrawing said lockin means.

10. In a device of tie character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor, and means other than said time controlling mechanismfor locking said shutter operating mechanism after a plurality ofoperations thereof.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic caII1- era, a timecontrolling mechanism therefor, mechanism for holding said timecontrolling mechanism inoperative and for releasing the same, meansother than said time controlling mechanism for locking said shutteroperating mechanism after a plurality of operations thereof, andoperative .connections between said holding and releasing mechanisms andsaid locking means.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for op erating the shutter of a photographic camera.comprising a shutter operating device and actuating mechanism therefor,a time more actuations of said shutter operating device.

13. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a timecontrolling mechanism therefor, a plurality of alternatively operativedevices mechanism against resetting after the operation thereof, andmanually operatable means for rendering said locking devices alternatelyoperative.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera, comprisinga shutter-operating device, and actuating mechanism therefor, a timecontrolling mechanism for said shutter operating mechanism, a pluralityof alternatively operative devices for locking said actuating mechanismagainst resetting after an operation thereof, and manually operatablemeans for rendering said locking devices alternately operative.

15. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for op erating the shutter of a photographic camera,comprising a shutter operating device, actuating mechanism therefor, andmeans for restraining said actuating mechanism, a time controllingmechanism for controlling the time of release of said restraining means,means for resetting said restraining means after the operation of saidshutter operating mechanism, a plurality of alternatively operativedevices for locking said resetting means, and manually operatablemeansfor' rendering said locking devices alternatively operative.

16. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a timecontrolling mechanism therefor, adjustingmeans for setting saidmechanisms to cause said shutter operating mechanism to make one or aplurality of operations, and a plurality of locking devices renderedalternatively operative by said adjusting means, one of said lockingdevices being constructed and arranged for locking said shutteroperating mechanism after a single operation thereof, and the other ofsaid look ing devices being constructed and arranged for locking theshutter operating mechanism after a plurality of operations thereof.

17 In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, mechanismfor operating the shutter of a photographic camera, a time controllingmechanism therefor comprising a plurality of clockworks, mechaforlocking said shutter operating nism for holding said clockworksinoperative and for releasing the same, adjusting means for said holdingand releasing mechanism for causing the same to release one or aplurality of said clockworks, and a plurality of devices, renderedalternatively operative by said adjusting means, for locking saidshutter operating mechanism against resetting after the operationthereof.

18. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic came a, a primarytime controlling mechanism therefor, a secondary time controllingmechanism therefor, means for locking said shutter operating mechanismagainst resetting after its operation under the control of said primarytime-controlling mechanism, and means for locking the same against resetting after its operation under the control of said secondary timecontrolling mechan1sm.

19. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism, mechanism controlled thereby for operating theshutter of a photographic camera, comprising a shutter-operating device,actuating mechanism therefor, and means for restraining said actuatingmechanism, a resetting rod, means for operatively connecting saidresetting rod and said re straining means, a locking mechanism for saidshutter operating mechanism comprising a latch adapted to engage saidresetting rod and a latch adapted to engage a moving part of saidactuating mechanism, a second locking mechanism comprising a latchadapted to engage said connecting means and a latch adapted to engagesaid moving part, a manually operated device for rendering said lockingmechanisms alternatively operative, and a second manually operateddevice for releasing said locking mechanisms.

20. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism and shutter operating mechanism for opening acamera shutter at a time determined by said controlling mechanism; saidoperating mechanism including an actuating spring, an operating memberand in termediate force transmitting connections between said actuatingspring and said operating member and a force maintaining mechanismconstructed and arranged to maintain said force for a period of time andthereafter to release said operating member.

21. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism, locking mechanism for the time controllingmechanism, and shutter operating mechanism for opening a camera shutterat a time determined b v aid time controlling mechanism: i\l(l operatingmechanism into eluding an actuating spring, an operating member andintermediate force transmitting connections between said actuatingspring and said operating member; and a force maintaining mechanismconstructed and arranged to maintain said force for a period of time andthereafter to release said oper ating. member.

In anapparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism, shutter operating means controlled by said timecontrolling mechanism including an actuating spring, an operat ingmember and intermediate force transmitting connections between saidactuating spring and said operating member; a restraining device forsaid shutter operating means constructed and arranged to restrain thesame in its initial position and to release the same at a timedetermined by said time controlling mechanism and to rc-restrain thesame after an operation thereof discontinuing the force exercised on thecamera shutter; and a force maintaining device for restraining saidshutter operating member during the exercise of said force on the camerashutter.

23. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aprimary time controlling mechanism; shutter operating mechanism foropening the camera shutter at a time determined by said time controllingmechanism, said operating mechanism including an actuating spring, anoperating member and intermediate force transmitting connections betweensaid actuating spring and said operating member; a force maintainingmechanism constructed and arranged to maintain said force for a periodof time and thereafter to release said operating member; and a secondarytime controlling mechanism, independent of said primary time controllingmechanism, for controlling said force maintaining mechanism.

24. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aprimary time controlling mechanism; shutter operating mechanism foropening the camera shutter at a time determined by said time controllingmechanism, said operating mechanism including an actuating spring, anoperating member and intermedi ate force transmitting 'caafi nectionsbetween said actuating spring and said operating member; a forcemaintaming ranged to maintain said force for a period of time andthereafter to release said operating member: a sccondar time controllingmechanism, independent of said primary time controlling mechanism, forcontrolling v aid force maintaining mechanism; and locking mechanismsfor both said time controlling mechanisms.

25. An apparatus for :ultomaticall operating a photographic cameracomprising. in

mechanism" constructed andair combination, mechanism for operating thecamera. shutter, a time controlling mecha-' nism adapted to cause saidoperating mechanism to produce a time exposure, a separate timecontrolling mechanism adapted to cause-said operating mechanism toproduce a bulb exposure. indicators operated by said time controllingmechanisms, and separate scales with which said indicators cooperate,respectively.

26. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, meansfor holding the end of a manually operata'ble flexible powertransmitter, means for operating upon said transmitter, a primaryclockwork for controlling the time of operation thereof, a secondaryclockwork for controlling the time of operation thereof, and means forcausing said secondary clockwork to start after the release of saidoperating means by said primary clockwork.

27. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination a shutteroperating,

device, actuatingmechanism therefor, a primary time controllingmechanism adapted to restrain and thereafter release said actuatingmechanism to cause the same to actuate said shutter operating device inone direction, a secondary time controlling mechanism adapted torestrain and thereafter release said actuating mechanism to cause thesame to actuate said shutter oper ating device in the oppositedirection, and means for causing said secondary time controllingmechanism tostart after the release of said actuating mechanism by saidprimary time controlling mechanism.

28. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aplunger, mechanism for actuating said plunger, a clockwork and meanscontrolled thereby for releasing said actuating mechanism, a secondclockwork and means controlled thereby for releasing said actuatingmechanism, a stop for holding said second clockwork inoperative, andmeans movable with said plunger and adapted to engage and remove saidstop on the release of said plunger by said first named clockwork.

29. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism and shutter operating mechanism controlled therebycomprising means for holding the end of a flexible power transmitter, aplunger, one of said parts having a yielding element, and actuatingmechanism for said plunger having a substantially constant range ofmovement.

30. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontroliing mechanism and shutter operating mechanism controlled,thereby comprising a plunger having a yielding element and actuatingmechanism for said plunger having a substantially constant range ofmovement.

31. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrol ing and inclosed by said members, and actuate,

ing mechanism for said plunger.

33. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism and shutter operating ineclianism controlledthereby comprising a shutter operating device, actuating mechanismtherefor, a notched rod connected with one of said parts, and a latchconnected with the other of said parts and adapted to engage the notchin said rod.

3%. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism and shutter operating mechanism controlled therebycomprising a shutter operating device, actuating mechanism therefor, alatch for connecting said parts, and a releasing device adapted toengage and release said latch. I

35'. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, timecontrolling mechanism and shutter operating mechanism controlled therebycomprising actuating mechanism, a rod actuated thereby and having anotched end, a plunger having an opening adapted to receive the notchedend of said rod, a latch carried by said plunger and adapted to engagethe notchin said rod, and means for releasing said latch.

36. In an apparatus of the character described. in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera including ashutter operating device, actuating mechanism therefor, and means fordetachably connecting said shutter operating device, and its actuatingmechanism, a time controlling mechanism for said shutter operatingmechanism, mechanism for holding said time controlling mechanisminoperative and for releasing the same, and operative connectionsbetween said holding and releasing mechanism and said connecting meanswhereby when said time controlling mechanism is inoperative saidconnecting means are detached. I

'37 In; an apparatus of the character described, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera, includinga shutter operating device, actuating mechanism therefor, means forconnecting said shutter operating device and its actuating mechanism,and means for detaching said connecting means, a time controllingmechanism for said shutter operatin mechanism, mechanism for holdingsaid time controlling mechanism inoperative and for releasing the same,and means operated by said holding and releasing mechanism for operatingsaid detaching means.

38. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, in combination,mechanism for operating the shutter of a photographic camera, includinga plunger, actuating mechanism therefor, a latch for connecting saidplunger and actuating mechanism, and a releasing device adapted toengage and release'said latch, a time controlling mechanism including aclockwork, a stop for holding said clockwork inoperative, means forremoving and replacing said sto and operative connections between sai'means and said releasing device. 39. In an apparatus of the cha'racterdescribed, in combination, means for operating a camera shutter aplurality of times, a plurality of clockworks, means for locking saidclockworks, operative connections between said shutter operating meansand said clockworks-for controlling, the times of the several operationsof said operating means, said connections being constructed and arrangedto cause a discontinuation of the movement of each of said clockworkssimultaneously with the respective operation of said shutter operatingmeans controlled thereby and to permit such movement again. uponresettin of said connections. reparatory to anotlier operation of sai'device,

means for resetting {operative connections, means for locking i saidconnectiOns against resettin, and me; said last-name lockingfg-means;simultaneously with the locking of said c'l ockwork by said firstnamedlockingigfiieans 40. In an apparatus of the charact,

scribed, the combi'nation with means for op-l p 7 crating a camerashutter a plurality'of times," ratable means for releasing the same, '5utteijo rating means constructed and ar ranged" or transmitting-- aforce to the j of means for actuatin said compressing means, means forrestraining said actuating means, a plurality of clockworksfor-controlling said restraining means, means for locking saidclockworks, means controlled successively by said clockworks for remov:ing said restraining'means and for simultaneously causing thediscontinuation of the movement of the clockwork last controlling thesame, means for resetting the actuating means for the shutter operatingmeans after the operation of the shutter, means for looking saidactuating mechanism against resetting, and means for simultaneouslyremoving said last-named locking means and causing said clockworks to belocked by said first named locking means.

for removing 41. In an apparatnsof the character described. incombination, a shaft, :1 spring for rotating said shaft, a plunger,means operatively connecting said shaft and plunger for causing thereciprocation of the plunger 10 when said shaft is rotated by saidspring, and means for interrupting said connection, thereby permittingthe. winding of said spring without reciprocating said plunger.

42. In an ap )aratus of the character de- 78 scribed, in, com inution,mechanism for opcrating, the shutter. of a photographic camera,comprising a shutter operating device, actuating mechanism 1 thereforand means for restraining said actuating inechaositions, 35

means for simultaneously removing said last named holding means andplacing said shutter operating mechanism under the con trol of said timecontrolling mechanism.

43. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aclockwork, means for locking said clockwork and manually operatablemeans for releas ng the same. shutter operating means constructed andarranged for transmittinga f0r(c to the camera shutter for opening thesame at av 10 time determined by said clockwork. force maintaining meanscooperating with said shutter operating means'for maintaining said forcedurin a period of time, a secondary time 'contro lin the durationOf'thlS period of time and V manually 'operatable means for adjusting"this time controllin means to vary the duration of said peri of time.

means for controlling 10 441118111 ap status of the character de- 11 in'com ination, a clockwork, means, ,tor lock ng said clockwork andmanually camera shutter for opening the same at a time determined bysaid clockwork, force maintaining means cooperating with said shutteroperating means for maintaining said forceduringa period of time, asecond 12 ary time controlling means for controlling the duration ofthis period of time. a dial, an indicator and manually operatable meansfor simultaneously adjusting said force maintaining means and settingsaid indi- 11 cator.

operatable means for releasing the same, it

shutter operating m'eans constructed and arranged for transmitting aforce to the camera shutter for opening the same at a time determined bysaid clockwork andsimultaneously causing the discontinuation of themovement of said clockwork, and a force maintaining means coiiperatingwith said shutter operating means for maintaining said force during aperiod of time.

for locking said clockwork and manually operatable means for releasingthe same,

shutter operating means constructed and arranged for transmitting aforce-to the camera shutter for opening the same at a time determined bysaid clockwork'and simultaneously causingv the discontinuation of themovement of said clockwork,-force maintaining means cooperating withsaid shutter operating means for maintaining said force during a periodof time, a secondary time controllin means for controlling the durationof thls period of time and manually operatable means for adjusting thistime controllin means to vary the duration of said perio of time.

I 47. In an apparatus of the character described, in: combination, aclockwork, means for locking said clockwork and manually operatablemeans. for releasing the same,

shutter operating means constructed and arranged-' for transmitting aforce to the camera shutter for opening the saine at atime determined:by said clockwork and si-.

46. In an apparatusof the characterde scrlbed, in combination, aclockwork, meansin presence of two multaneously causing thediscontinuation of the movement of said clockwork, force maintainingmeans cotiperating with said shutter operating means for maintainingsaid force during a period of time, a dial, an indicator and manuallyoperatable means for simultaneously adjusting said force maintainingmeans and setting said indi cator.

-means and said secondary clockwork constructed and arranged to causethe discontinuation of the movement of said secondary clockworksimultaneously with the discontinuation of said force:

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

witnesses. I v ARTHUR LATTAU.

Witnesses: v JOHN L; Rooms,

Row. C. HARDING.

